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Ibis is a land of extreme heat and extreme cold. И is a land where water is worth more than property. It is almost flat, until it suddenly meets the mountains to the west.

Nowhere is the rainfall more unpredictable or the climate more violent than on the Great Plains. For two or three years, there may be enough rain. Then there is a \ear when rain tails, when the streams from the mountains diy up and their channels are tilled with sand. Often the weather destroys a year's work in a single day. Only the Native Americans knew how lo exist in this place without trees or arable soil. They lived primarily by hunting the millions of buffaloes roaming the Great Plains.

In 1868 the railroads reached into the plains and the builders and hunters brought death to the buffalo. In a few tragic years millions of them were killed, and without them the Native Americans were forced to abandon the plains. The cow bo\ and huge herds of cattle took their place. At (hat time the supply of good free farm land was exhausted and therefore, some settlei"s. lured by the promise of land, did slay in (he Great Plains to coax life from the hard, dry soil.

These were the first of the "homesteaders" -farmers who received 64 hectares of free land from the federal government in exchange for living on the claim and cultivating it for at least five years. When the first homesteaders arrived, they found that Indians and cattlemen controlled the plains. To both groups, the homesteader with his fences and plowed fields was an interloper encroaching on the cattlemen's grazing land a

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